Three cases of COVID-19 patients presenting with erythema

Individuals infected with the novel coronavirus (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]) who develop coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experience many symptoms; however, cutaneous manifestations are relatively rare. The authors encountered three patients with COVID-19 who presented with erythema and suspected viral rash. In all cases, erythema appeared after the onset of the initial symptoms of COVID-19. Erythema was considered to be caused by COVID-19 and not a drug-induced eruption because, in all cases, erythema was relieved merely by external medicine and oral antihistamines, without discontinuing the original medication. The authors’ hospital accepted 69 COVID-19 patients between 22 February 2020 and 31 May 2020 and, of these, three (4.3%) exhibited eruptions, and all cases presented erythema. Except for seven patients who exhibited positive nasopharyngeal swab tests for SARS-CoV-2 RNA but no symptoms, three (4.8%) of the remaining 62 patients exhibited erythema. Although various types of eruptions have been reported in patients with COVID-19, erythema was the only type in our patients. Erythema in the three patients exhibited many similarities to that previously reported in COVID-19 patients, particularly in the manner it appeared and disappeared. For these reasons, these three cases were considered typical examples of erythema in patients with COVID-19. Considering previous studies and the three cases reported here, there is a high probability that SARS-CoV-2 can cause erythema.     

老年特应性皮炎：一个新的临床亚型

【摘要】 特应性皮炎是一种高度异质性的皮肤病，近年来疾病精准分型的研究揭示了特应性皮炎的一个新亚型——老年特应性皮炎。以往认为特应性皮炎多发生于儿童，近年发现老年人也是AD的高发人群。老年特应性皮炎在流行病学、临床表现、发病机制和治疗等方面与儿童和成人特应性皮炎具有显著不同的特点。应高度重视老年特应性皮炎的诊断、鉴别诊断和治疗。     

Hormonal and Psychogenic Risk Factors for Erectile Dysfunction in Men with HTLV-1

IntroductionErectile dysfunction (ED) is associated with neurological damage due to human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) infection, but hormonal and psychogenic factors also cause ED.AimTo evaluate the association of psychogenic and hormonal factors with ED in men infected with HTLV-1.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we compared total testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and neurologic manifestations in HTLV-1-infected men with or without ED. The International Index of Erectile Function was used to determine the degree of ED. Participants were grouped according to Osame’s Motor Disability Scale and the Expanded Disability Status Scale: HTLV-1-associated myelopathy or tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), probable HAM/TSP, or HTLV-1 carrier. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used to compare the groups, and regression analyses were used to show predictors of ED.Main Outcome MeasureSexual hormonal levels, psychogenic factors, and neurologic disabilities were found to be associated with ED.ResultsED was associated with age older than 60 years (P < .001), degree of neurologic involvement (P < .001), depression (P = .009), and anxiety (P = .008). In the multivariate analyses, only age and degree of neurological injury remained as risk factors for ED.Clinical ImplicationsNeurological manifestations are a stronger predictor of ED than hormonal and psychogenic factors in HTLV-1-infected men.Strengths & LimitationsThe statistical power of the study was limited due to the low number of participants, but neurologic manifestations were clearly associated with ED. There was no strong association between hormonal and psychogenic factors and ED.ConclusionHormonal and psychogenic factors did not show a strong association with ED in individuals with HTLV-1, but neurological manifestations were strongly associated with ED in these individuals.de Oliveira CJV, Neto, JAC, Andrade RCP, et al. Hormonal and Psychogenic Risk Factors for Erectile Dysfunction in Men with HTLV–1. J Sex Med 2019; 16:1763–1768.     

中国脑血管病影像应用指南2019

影像技术在脑血管病诊疗和研究中的重要地位不言而喻。2016年中华医学会神经病学分会及其脑血管病学组发布了中国脑血管病影像应用指南。由于影像技术的迅猛发展以及临床应用的循证医学证据的不断涌现,旧版已经不能满足临床需要。在2019新版指南中,我们对大家已熟悉的应用领域进行了精简,重点介绍了CT和MRI应用的新领域以及一些新技术及其后处理的新方法,如脑出血血肿早期扩大的平扫CT征、高分辨血管壁MRI的应用、定量磁化率成像、血流动力学成像技术等,为临床和科研的应用提供有用的工具。     

特应质与儿童肺炎支原体肺炎严重程度及肺外表现相关性研究

目的探讨特应质在肺炎支原体肺炎(Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia,MPP)儿童病情严重程度和肺外并发症中的作用,并阐明IL-17在其中的作用机制。方法回顾性纳入了2017年2月至2019年2月期间就诊于本院的221例MPP儿童,所有患者均行过敏原检测。采用相关性分析探索特应质和IL-17与病情及肺外并发症等相关性。结果221例MPP患儿中71例合并特应质,44例出现肺外并发症,其中以皮肤表现(36.4%)最为常见。有特应质MPP患者哮喘发作(P<0.001)和既往哮喘病史(P<0.001)比例、总IgE(P<0.001)显著高于无特应质患者,而IL-17(P<0.001)显著低于无特应质患者。有特应质MPP患者中更易出现重症肺炎(48/71 vs 17/150,P<0.001)。有特应质MPP患者出现胸腔积液(P=0.045)、呼吸急促(P<0.001)的比例、需氧疗(P<0.001)、糖皮质激素治疗的比例(P=0.008)以及糖皮质激素治疗时间(P=0.002)显著高于无特应质患者。合并肺外并发症MPP患者血浆IL-17(P=0.009)显著低于无肺外并发症患者,而总IgE水平(P=0.009)和特应质比例(P<0.001)显著高于无肺外并发症患者。结论特应质是导致MPP患儿病情严重和肺外并发症的危险因素之一,可能与IgE释放和IL-17降低相关。